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Early & Ongoing Aquatic Therapy for the Total Knee Replacement: 10 Tips & Tricks for Your Evidence-Based Skill-set (PT & OT)
Live Webinar | November 14 | 12–2 PM ET Instructor: Andrea Salzman, MS, PT A growing body of research is reshaping how rehabilitation specialists view aquatic therapy following total knee arthroplasty. Multiple recent studies show that while aquatic therapy within the first week after surgery can safely improve mobility and strength, many clinicians still delay pool therapy until two weeks post-op—mostly due to outdated infection concerns and inconsistent wound-care protocol

Andrea Salzman
Oct 271 min read


"Hello!" from the Author of Henry Goes to Aquatic Physical Therapy
Dr. Kristen Kilroy PT, DPT is a physical therapist specializing in pediatric aquatic physical therapy. She helps kids with all different injuries and diagnoses achieve their goals through hard work disguised as fun. This was the inspiration behind Henry Goes to Aquatic Physical Therapy —physical therapy should be fun! Dr. Kristen Kilroy PT, DPT After growing up in Pennsylvania, Kristen moved to Virginia to attend Marymount University, where she was on the swim team, for her

Andrea Salzman
Oct 173 min read


CLINICAL AI CHI (CAC) and Postural Control During Balance and Gait
Byeline: Johan Lambeck, www.halliwick.eu Clinical Ai Chi (CAC) is the therapeutic application of regular Ai Chi, which has proven to have beneficial effects on, e.g., postural control and a decreased risk of falling. Regular Ai Chi has proven to be effective for persons with various diseases, like, e.g., multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s, stroke, or fibromyalgia. In 2021, Dunlap, Lambeck, Ku, and Gobert published a scoping review in the Journal of Aquatic Physical Therapy. Mode

Andrea Salzman
Sep 104 min read


The International Conference on Evidence-Based Aquatic Therapy (ICEBAT)
The International Conference on Evidence-Based Aquatic Therapy (ICEBAT) takes place around the world every two years. Aquatic Therapy University is pleased to share information about your next opportunity to attend. The next ICEBAT2026 will be held in Toronto, Canada, hosted by Canadian Aquatic Rehab and the Association of International Aquatic Therapy Faculty (IATF). It is a scientific, peer-reviewed conference offering a mix of podium presentations, workshops, posters an

Andrea Salzman
Jul 171 min read


The Bad Ragaz Ring Method, Part 3
Byline: Johan Lambeck Senior Lecturer, Association IATF, Switzerland This is the third and last blog about the Bad Ragaz Ring Method, in...

Andrea Salzman
May 223 min read


The Bad Ragaz Ring Method (BRRM) Part 2
Byline: Johan Lambeck Senior Lecturer, Association IATF, Switzerland In my previous blog, I concluded with this clinical consideration:...

Andrea Salzman
Apr 73 min read


The Bad Ragaz Ring Method (BRRM)
Byline: Johan Lambeck In a small series of blogs about the BRRM, I will describe characteristics, starting with a summary of the...

Andrea Salzman
Feb 174 min read


Ask Andrea: How Can I Justify Aquatic Therapy For Peds? My Hospital Doesn't Believe in the Power of the Pool.
Question: My hospital is asking me to justify the cost of aquatic therapy for pediatrics in the face of rising maintenance costs. Help! Answer: There are hundreds of well supported papers on the benefits of aquatic therapy performed by a therapist for peds patients. I am including just 10 examples below. Aquatic therapy, performed by a PT or OT provider, has been shown to benefit various pediatric diagnoses in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Here are two meta-analyses

Andrea Salzman
Feb 14 min read


Integration of Halliwick Principles into WST: Combining Elements of the Halliwick Ten-Point-Programme with WST to Enhance Postural Control and Functional Activities in Aquatic Therapy
Byline Johan Lambeck Want to get your Halliwick training? Meet us in Sun City, Arizona from March 10-14th. I had the pleasure to learn Halliwick from James McMillan. I learned, organized courses and later also was allowed to co-teach with him during some 30 courses in Netherlands and Switzerland between 1982 and 1994. After 2 regular Halliwick courses, participants wanted to continue learning from him and he suggested to organize a course on “The logic of approach to exercise

Andrea Salzman
Jan 293 min read


Aquatic Therapy for Children with Muscular Dystrophy and Neuromuscular Conditions
Byline: Ailene Tisser and Cindy Freedman Discover the healing power of water: How Aquatic Therapy can improve the lives of children and...

Andrea Salzman
Jan 235 min read


Why Do We Keep Doing Mediocre Research in Aquatic Therapy (and How Do We Fix It)?
As a physical therapist with extensive experience assisting numerous PT and OT students with their theses and capstone projects, I spend a lot of time looking at the literature. And, though we are getting better at it, aquatic therapy research remains in need of significant refocusing. So what areas should we spend our research time on? What are the Best Aquatic Therapy Research Ideas? The study by Luo, L., Wang, X., & Song, N. (2021), titled "Review and Prospect of Internati

Andrea Salzman
Jan 202 min read


Top 8 Reasons the Pool Rules for TKR (Quick: Go Tell their Surgeon the Science is IN!)
Who says the pool rules? SCIENCE says the pool rules! Science in the house!! Top 8 Reasons Why Water Works for the TKR: 1. Improved Functional Outcomes : Aquatic therapy has been shown to significantly improve functional outcomes, such as chair-stand performance and overall physical function, in patients undergoing TKR. [1] 2. Pain Reduction : Aquatic therapy effectively reduces knee pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis, which can be beneficial for TKR patients both p

Andrea Salzman
Jan 182 min read


The Brain vs. The Brain in water
The Impact of Aquatic Therapy on Psychosocial Health and Well-Being is the webinar for you, if you are looking for a more in depth course! Aquatic therapy offers several cognitive benefits, as supported by recent studies and systematic reviews: Enhancement of Cognitive Functions: Regular participation in aquatic exercises has been shown to improve various cognitive functions, including memory, attention, and executive functions. A systematic review highlighted that chronic

Andrea Salzman
Dec 30, 20242 min read


Top 3 Reasons the Pool Rules for Your Cardiac Compromise Patients
The top three compelling reasons for therapists to embrace aquatic therapy for cardiac compromised patients are: Improved Exercise Capacity : Aquatic therapy significantly boosts exercise capacity in cardiac patients. A systematic review by Adsett et al. (2015) revealed that aquatic exercise training enhances performance in the 6-minute walk test and peak power, matching outcomes of traditional land-based programs. It's an excellent alternative for those struggling with conve

Andrea Salzman
Dec 21, 20242 min read


Making Waves: The Mental Health Benefits of Aquatic Therapy
Aquatic Joy: The perfect description for a recent Aquatic Therapy University training. Imagine a therapy tool that not only relieves pain and restores mobility but also lifts spirits, eases anxiety, and rekindles joy in your patients. What if this tool already exists—right in your pool? Aquatic therapy is emerging as the ultimate mind-body intervention, offering evidence-backed mental health benefits that go far beyond what we’ve traditionally expected from rehabilitation or

Andrea Salzman
Dec 20, 20244 min read


ATU Model Letter of Medical Necessity for Aquatic Therapy: Cerebral Palsy
Aquatic Therapy University ( www.aquatictherapist.com ) offers this model letter of medical necessity for clinicians who desire to outline the benefits of aquatic therapy for a child with cerebral palsy, supported by recent evidence from the medical literature. You may use the letter as provided below for your own practices. Click here to learn more about our facility-wide Aquatic Therapy Essentials webinar [Date] [Insurance Company Name] [Insurance Company Address] [City, S

Andrea Salzman
Dec 16, 20243 min read


Model Letter of Medical Necessity for Aquatic Therapy: Autism
Aquatic Therapy University ( www.aquatictherapist.com ) offers this model letter of medical necessity for clinicians who desire to outline the benefits of aquatic therapy for a child with autism, supported by recent evidence from the medical literature. The evidence provided demonstrates significant improvements in social competence, quality of life, motor skills, and cognitive function in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who participate in aquatic therapy progra

Andrea Salzman
Dec 14, 20243 min read


Aquatic Therapist Occupational Hazard... Your Pool is HOW Warm?
I will never forget the day one of my physical therapy students came to me and said, "I'm so happy. It's the end of the day and I don't have a headache." That gave me pause. Did my teaching style tend to bring on an ache in the brain pan? That gave me pause. Did my teaching style tend to bring on an ache in the brain pan? The student laughed and explained. She had just come from a clinical affiliation where she spent most of her week in the pool. And every night like clockwor

Andrea Salzman
Nov 29, 20244 min read


Why Aquatic Therapy Works…. If Your Patient Likes You
Byline: Andrea Salzman, MS, PT Megan is scheduled for aquatic therapy three times a week. Every time she shows, she sees a different clinician. During each session, her therapist-of-the-day perches on the deck, asplendid in corporate polo and khakis (“How hot he must be!” opines Megan), clipboard in hand, adding such clinical pearls to her session as “10 more”. If another therapist happens to be poolside, an informal social pow-wow often commences, with both therapists vettin

Andrea Salzman
Sep 16, 20245 min read


Five most common aquatic therapy myths for cardiopulmonary patients
Byline: Andrea Salzman, MS, PT It may not be a question for the ages, but it is an important question to ask. Is aquatic exercise safe for my patient with COPD, CHF, MI or other cardiopulmonary disorders? There are 5 prevalent myths that have edged into the collective medical psyche and which must be tackled in order to suss out the truth. In order to do so, it is important to first understand what happens when a person stands immersed in water, before placing a single limb

Andrea Salzman
Aug 7, 202412 min read
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